No pandemic-related travel restrictions currently apply to travellers entering Germany from member states of the European Union or from Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Norway or Iceland. However, under the ordinance governing entry during the coronavirus pandemic Coronavirus-Einreiseverordnung , travellers are required to complete digital registration on entry , to present proof of a negative COVID test result , proof of vaccination or proof of recovery from COVID; and to comply with the the quarantine regulations depending on the risk status of the country of departure.
Based on a recommendation of the Council of the European Union, Germany has implemented and updated its entry restrictions. The list of non-EU countries and territories is regularly reviewed and updated as necessary. Residents of other non-EU countries are only permitted to enter Germany if they serve in an important role or if they have an urgent need to travel please see " What constitutes an urgent need for travel?
A person is considered a resident of a country if they have their domicile or habitual residence there. A person is specifically considered to have their domicile in a country if they have spent the past six months there.
These entry restrictions do not apply to German citizens or members of their immediate family spouses, children under 18, parents of children under EU citizens and citizens of Liechtenstein, Switzerland, Norway and Iceland and the members of their immediate family spouses, children under 18, parents of children under 18 are exempted from the entry restrictions.
The same applies to citizens of non-EU countries who have a current long-term residence permit from an EU or Schengen country and their immediate family members, as long as they comply with passport and visa regulations.
As of 2 July , the following persons who comply with passport and visa regulations may be considered to have an urgent need to enter Germany:.
Note : Entry to attend a sports event as a spectator is not a mandatory reason for entry. Under the ordinance governing entry during the coronavirus pandemic Coronavirus-Einreiseverordnung , travellers are also required to complete digital registration on entry ; to present proof of a negative COVID test result , proof of vaccination or proof of recovery from COVID; and to comply with the quarantine regulations depending on the risk status of the country of departure.
It is irrelevant whether they met in Germany or elsewhere. Please note that documents cannot be sent in advance. Suitable documents include. Regardless of the criteria stated above, the decision on whether to permit entry is at the discretion of the officers conducting border checks. Skilled and highly qualified workers may enter Germany only if they prove their obligation to be present in Germany e. Relevant documentation is to be submitted during the visa procedure if a visa is required , carried during travel and presented during border checks if requested.
For foreign skilled and highly qualified workers who i may enter Germany for a long-term stay without requiring a visa in accordance with section 41 1 of the Ordinance Governing Residence but who ii are not nationals of a country that is on the positive list, the following applies: to facilitate entry, persons who do not apply to the German diplomatic representation abroad for a visa to take up their employment immediately and instead acquire their residence permit after entering Germany may ask the German diplomatic representation responsible for their place of usual residence for certification of their eligibility for and of the urgency of their entry, based on the provision of documentation from their employer.
The documentation from the employer must contain a job description. Please refer to the website of the Federal Foreign Office to find the German diplomatic mission abroad responsible for your place of residence. Self-employed and dependently employed business travellers who carry out activities referred to in section 30 no. This is conditional, however, on the requirement to substantiate sufficiently e. A declaration of the absolute necessity of business travel signed by the employer or business partner in Germany can be used to provide sufficient evidence.
This document is to be carried during travel and presented in checks by the air carrier or by border police officers. Please note that it cannot be sent in advance. A declaration by an employer or business partner in the country from which the traveller is being posted non-EU country is not sufficient on its own.
It is also possible for business travellers to enter Germany to visit trade fairs. The following documents are necessary to provide sufficient evidence that entry is absolutely necessary:. As a general rule, it is possible for business travellers to enter Germany to speak at or take part in conventions. They are required to present the following documents to provide sufficient evidence that entry is absolutely necessary:.
The following applies to non-EU nationals residing in non-EU countries not on this list:. Non-EU nationals residing in non-EU countries not on the safe list are permitted to enter Germany to begin quality vocational training if they meet the following criteria:.
Entry for measures to recognise professional qualifications acquired abroad is also possible. And it is again possible to enter Germany for the purpose of completing a university course of study or for individual semesters of study.
Students are required to present an admission notice issued by the institution of higher education. Because institutions of higher education are offering both online and in-person instruction, it is not necessary to provide any separate documentation of the need to attend in person. Entry into Germany for the purpose of attending school is also possible. This includes attending special language classes before enrolling in a school if the traveller can demonstrate that they have already registered to attend the school.
The planned length of stay must be at least six months. Au pairs, participants in voluntary service, trainees and participants in vocational training measures or language courses may also enter Germany. Proof of the reason for entry must be provided. To prove that this is the case, the person to be treated will need a medical certificate , such as this form, to be filled in by the attending physician in Germany.
The entry requirements for family members from third countries that are not on the positive list are determined by the type of family relationship and the purpose of entry:. Generally, nationals of countries outside of the EU who are members of the immediate family spouses, children under 18, parents of children under 18 are permitted to enter Germany for the purpose of joining their families if the necessary requirements for entry are met e.
D visa. The family members are allowed to enter Germany for reunification with the reference person or together with the reference person if the reference person is entering Germany for the first time for the purpose of a long-term stay.
However, the reference person must be exempted from applicable entry restrictions. Short-term entry by immediate family members who are citizens of countries outside of the EU.
Nationals of countries outside of the EU who are members of the immediate family spouses, civil partners and children under 18 or the parents of children under 18 of citizens of Germany, of another EU country, or of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, Switzerland or of non-EU nationals who already have a right of residence in Germany are permitted to enter Germany for short-term family visits. This applies regardless of whether the non-EU national family member enters together with the reference person or alone.
In these cases an urgent family reason is no longer required for entry. This is the case regardless of the whether the reference person additionally holds the nationality of a country outside of the EU.
The following documents may serve as evidence that one is an immediate family member depending on the type of family relationship :. If the traveller is entitled to enter Germany without requiring a visa, the authenticity of official foreign documents must be verified unless the documents were issued in one of the countries listed in section 14 1 of the Ordinance Governing Residence Aufenthaltsverordnung , AufenthV Australia, Israel, Japan, Canada, Korea, New Zealand, United States of America.
The authenticity can be verified through legalisation or through an apostille in accordance with the Hague Convention Abolishing the Requirement of Legalisation for Foreign Public Documents. For more details regarding legalisation and apostille procedures, please refer to the website of the Federal Foreign Office. For travellers who require a visa to enter Germany, the missions abroad decide during the visa application procedure whether to recognise the foreign documents.
Short-term entry by first- and second-degree relatives who are citizens of non-EU countries only if urgent family reasons are demonstrated. Non-EU nationals who are first- or second-degree relatives but not members of the immediate family including adult children, parents of adult children, siblings and grandparents of citizens of Germany, of another EU country, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, Switzerland or of non-EU nationals who already have a right of residence in Germany are generally not permitted to enter Germany for short-term family visits.
Exemptions are made only for urgent family reasons; the following cases and occasions are considered to constitute urgent family reasons:. Travellers are asked to carry with them suitable proof of an urgent family reason, which clearly demonstrates the need to cross the border. If there is a compelling family reason for entry, for example if the non-EU national parents-in-law wish to accompany the bridal couple, non-EU nationals are allowed to enter Germany together with the reference person.
Non-EU nationals who are more distant family members and are not at least first- or second-degree relatives are not permitted to enter for family reasons. Re-entry by non-EU nationals who are family members to return to their habitual abode in Germany is permitted if the conditions under residence law particularly possession of valid border documents and any necessary residence titles are met, regardless of the reference person.
The following applies to non-EU nationals who are immediate family members of holders of diplomatic or official passports issued by Germany, another EU country, or Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway or Switzerland:.
An urgent family reason is not necessary for this group of persons to enter Germany. The following applies to the documents to be presented by these family members when entering Germany:.
No further documentation of membership in the immediate family is necessary. If the family member enters without the reference person that is, without the holder of a diplomatic or official passport , the following documents are to be presented:. In general, nationals of countries outside of the EU third-country nationals should travel directly to their country of destination.
Citizens of countries outside of the EU may enter Germany to travel to another EU member state or another Schengen state as their country of final destination if the following conditions are met:. Under these conditions, citizens of countries outside of the EU may also enter Germany by air and travel overland to their country of destination. The traveller must provide evidence that the conditions listed above have been met.
Donelson resumed his previous appointment as U. Minister to Prussia. Seward that he had attended the opening of the North German Parliament. He requested, however, that the Secretary formally notify him of the intentions of the U. Government concerning the question of the recognition of the North German Confederation.
This exchange between Seward and Bancroft implicitly signified a formal recognition of the North German Confederation by the United States. Following the establishment of the German Empire on January 18, , the United States recognized the new German Empire by changing the accreditation of its Minister to Prussia to become Minister to the German Empire.
On April 8, , U. President Ulysses S. Grant dated March 16, The letter from the President congratulated the Emperor on his assumption of the German throne and recognized him as the head-of-state of a federal Germany. On February 3, , U.
President Woodrow Wilson had severed diplomatic relations with Germany, that the U. Ambassador in Berlin James W. Gerrard had been withdrawn, and that the U. Following a series of attacks against American merchant ships on the high seas by German U-boats, on February, 24, , the U. On April 2, U. The history of the establishment of recognitions and relations, where applicable between the United States and the German states impacted several different areas of policy, including:.
Trade and Commerce. Although the Napoleonic period stunted the growth of industrialization in the German states during the early nineteenth century, by the s and s the industrialization process was underway, especially in areas such as Westphalia, the Rhineland, and Upper Silesia. It was also during this time that the first railways were built in the German lands, thus facilitating the transportation of goods to and from the main ports of Hamburg and Bremen.
As a result, the German states and after , the German Empire and the United States both sought to cultivate trade and commercial ties for mutual benefit. Emigration, Citizenship, and Naturalization. One point of contention between the U. In U. Minister to Prussia and the North German Union George Bancroft negotiated a series of naturalization treaties that sought to close this loophole.
See Bancroft Treaties for further information. After the creation of the Second Reich in there were questions as to whether U. Two major principles guided U. Although the Constitution of the German Empire of stipulated that the Empire was responsible for treaties, alliances, and representing the Empire, the smaller states still retained the right of legation.
This included the right to legislate, to grant exequators to foreign consuls in their territories though not to send German consuls abroad , and to enter into conventions with foreign nations as long as they did not concern matters already within the jurisdiction of the Empire or the Emperor. Menu Menu. Unification of German States - Countries. Foreign Diplomacy: Unification of German States. Issues Relevant to U. Foreign Diplomacy: Unification of German States Summary When the United States announced its independence from Great Britain in , Central Europe was a fragmented area of roughly sovereign, independent states kingdoms, duchies, principalities, free cities, etc.
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